James Whale, who grew up poor in an English mining town, learned to put on plays in a World War I German prison camp. Postwar theatre work took him to the London stage, then Broadway, then a contract with Paramount, as dialog director for Howard Hughes Hells Angels 1930. He began his contribution to the horror film genre with his move to Universal, directing Boris Karloff in Frankenstein 1931, notable for its sympathetic presentation of the monster, and The Invisible Man 1933 and Bride of Frankenstein 1935, both notable for the humor he injected into horror. As horror movies lost favor, he retreated to a more private and hedonistic life including painting and allmale pool parties, at one point separating from his longtime lover David Lewis, suffering several strokes, finally committing suicide by drowning in his pool he was afraid of water.His suicide note, to Lewis, read The future is just old age and illness and pain.I must have peace and this is the only way.

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